What does "textual evidence" consist of?

Textual evidence consists of quotations, summaries, or paraphrases directly taken from a text. This type of evidence is essential because it provides concrete support for claims or arguments made in writing or discussion. By using textual evidence, a reader can back up their interpretations and assertions with specific examples from the text itself, which strengthens their analysis and helps convey a deeper understanding of the material. This connection not only validates the reader's points but also shows an engagement with the text, demonstrating how the evidence supports their ideas. In contrast, the other options do not serve as direct support from the text itself; they might provide context or background but lack the necessary textual connection that evidence entails.